Solid–Liquid Two Phase Flow《固液两相流体》08英文PDF新书

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书名：Solid–Liquid Two Phase Flow
# E  Y$ m3 ?1 }; K作者：Sümer M. Peker
发行：Elsevier
) F: e+ q( b$ X9 ]/ ^Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2 u$ f3 D! L1 x/ w5 a; hLinacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK
# U; o* L: C+ G/ c页数：535
ISBN：978-0-444-52237-5
5 u; {3 [9 o1 L0 K共3个压缩卷，解压后6.09M
主要内容：
Being an ‘underpinning technology’, fluid flow closely reflects and sometimes precedes
the developments of the ‘core technologies’ of the time. Only in the second half of 19th
( j  ^( J) R& ~  H# t! ocentury that the term ‘two-phase flow’ was pronounced and added as a chapter to fluid
mechanics and unit operations books. At that time, two-phase flow term was used predominantly
7 h0 n! L( m( V1 C9 @' uto denote gas–liquid flow, which is not coincidental, as the leading technologies
were nuclear and thermal, addressing mainly vapor–liquid systems.
0 m/ `8 i5 }! E0 z+ U* l目录
! u, L1 ]: z" d2 u( S5 kPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  vii
List of Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  xvii
1 The Particulate Phase: A Voyage from the Molecule to the Granule. . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
1.1 Molecular Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
2 R/ ?' R* ^" P7 r1.1.1 Attractive forces among molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
1.1.2 Repulsive forces among molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
3 O- Z, Y3 l2 V6 O4 {2 K1.2 Interactions of Electrical Origin Between Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
! A0 U: M0 n# Q7 v/ V4 W" k1.2.1 Attractions between particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
2 o& w" [/ c5 k: W) e- I1.2.2 Ionic interactions between charged surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
: d6 P* {* I4 n3 G* c# r; p9 t1.2.3 The DLVO theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
7 Y1 U4 `7 @# c1.3 Interaction of Particles due to Non-DLVO Forces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
1.3.1 Forces of entropic origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
1.3.2 Forces of energetic origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
" y* x( q6 h+ q! K8 R: x0 X0 y* x! l1.4 Aggregation of Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
1.4.1 Kinetics of aggregation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
1.4.2 Structure of aggregates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.4.3 Role of polymers and polyelectrolytes on the coagulation of suspensions. . 32
& S$ f* M& N  y6 r1.5 Aggregation of Ferromagnetic Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
, ?2 c9 z6 w7 j# P( v. [0 ]8 K1.5.1 Effect of the direction of the magnetic field on the aggregate structure . . . .  38
1.5.2 Reversibility of aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
1.5.3 Light-induced aggregation of ferrofluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
. \/ g# d# l* Y1.6 Formation of Glasses and Gels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
2 ?9 E6 P5 a4 `! k7 Z2 j1.6.1 The glassy state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
1.6.2 Formation of gels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
) j0 \+ a" P2 n6 X/ Q: n. ]6 q1.7 Self-Assemblies of Surfactants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
' c: i. X9 R) E1.7.1 Thermodynamics of self-assembly of surfactants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  45
1.7.2 Self-assemblies in solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  46
1.7.3 Self-assemblies on solid surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
' N% P6 w4 V/ ^1.8 Stabilization of Suspensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
' {" k' Q, G& w1.8.1 Stabilization by surfactants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
1.8.2 Stabilization by polymers and polyelectrolytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  55
1.8.3 Stabilization by nanoparticles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  58
1 ^& ]( h+ X. ^$ ~, N1.9 Aggregation in Biological Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
4 o( |; n8 q1 A) B% I) ~1.9.1 Aggregation behavior of blood cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
1.9.2 Aggregation of microorganisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  65
2 Non-Newtonian Behavior of Solid–Liquid Suspensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  71
% _- M; A( `" |9 R0 y2.1 Viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
5 x5 x' H7 }3 F0 j" D$ Y- p% i2.1.1 Effect of viscoelasticity on flow behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  72
2.1.2 Assessment of viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  75
2.1.3 Dynamic methods in the assessment of viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  76
3 D: s- `2 _8 T9 J2.2 Rheological Models of Time-Independent Non-Newtonian Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . .  86
2.2.1 Models which describe the rheological behavior with a
( \0 W( S. O" E/ ^5 eviscosity function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  87
6 H, V! \2 N3 W' s$ w6 v2.2.2 Models for fluids with a yield stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  90
2 ?4 |) A, p" l7 L2.2.3 Models for specific end-use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  92
' I0 \+ G2 P7 A* x2.2.4 Significance of the terms used in the constitutive equations . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
" y* B6 G  r3 o0 c2.3 Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids through Cylindrical Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  95
# A4 N' P& J5 E; V2.3.1 Laminar flow of non-Newtonian fluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  97
2.3.2 Turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  121
. ~9 d% h! |% g5 ?) k2.3.3 Flow through sudden expansions and fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
3 x* z1 ^' O; C5 {: O& ~# Z9 T& K2.4 Flow through Noncylindrical Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  141
9 }% R, T# B" N2.4.1 Flow through annular channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
8 T, z4 a, {  M% Z" u2.4.2 Flow through rectangular channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
# ?; T- U( B) u4 w, g2.4.3 Flow in microchannels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
1 r; [$ S8 E$ q. Q$ q: a2.4.4 Flow in open channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
. . . . . . . . . .  
; X+ d  e7 [6 J8 Classification and Separation of Solid–Liquid Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  439
; Y  v# T+ S" {; \( {8.1 Classification and Separation in a Gravitational Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  439
. U9 E6 p  V7 U, U8.1.1 Sedimentation as a separation process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
8.1.2 Fluidization as a separation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
8.1.3 Classification in hydrocyclones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
8.2 Separation in a Magnetic Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  457
8.2.1 Separation of magnetic particle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
8.2.2 Separation of nonmagnetic particles in a magnetic medium . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
9 D& ?( e0 v+ h! {8.3 Separations in the Microscale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  459
8.3.1 Field flow fractionation techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
8.3.2 Separations in flow through microfluidic bifurcations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  460
8.3.3 Ultrasonic separations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
8.3.4 Separations based on magnetic properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
8.3.5 Separations based on electrical properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Appendix A Mathematical Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  471
( |" D4 ~- ^0 h  W# hAppendix B Population Balances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  493
Appendix C Tables for Use in Plug Flow in an Annulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  503
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  509
. n/ R6 G$ n. O