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POLYMER SOLUTIONS(聚合物溶液)% v" {2 E0 {8 V8 a6 M! c
POLYMER SOLUTIONS1 A8 R; d: v2 }% n
5 l- D! a' p+ A! e# p
An Introduction to Physical Properties+ Z: m$ H1 i1 Y; s
- j7 K2 y$ T& g$ [& W8 iIWAO TERAOKA
q q9 d8 O B/ {$ Q0 HPolytechnic University
9 o3 C$ a7 n( C& KBrooklyn, New York
; B0 ^. k* x: y) w l& j. {
8 Y3 f9 C, q& J: u9 dDesignations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. y, O9 k# y% o6 v# |
In all instances where John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is aware of a claim, the product names appear
$ P: ?3 u0 I) e; ]in initial capital or ALL CAPITAL LETTERS. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies
( p U0 K b$ f% Kfor more complete information regarding trademarks and registration.
( C* V5 W1 L( W( OCopyright © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. All rights reserved.4 L" W6 J1 y9 a* Z) N
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any
2 I4 u5 X% E5 b% I+ Kform or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including uploading, downloading, printing,0 I* V, }1 [+ h# j! [
decompiling, recording or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 + X0 [1 D7 s0 y6 s
United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Requests to the! f# ^. f* J( E1 a7 H# }4 \: K; Z
Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,# d* O- @" ]6 q' K8 s: m
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008,: P* g9 S1 R9 }: z% ?
E-Mail: PERMREQ @ WILEY.COM.% H# h6 j, I, ~) `. g L( ^
This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject5 c4 |- f8 U/ `8 m T
matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering
4 { a' A5 r. w9 j, Zprofessional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a
# q% L4 F0 W% g- C7 X# `competent professional person should be sought.8 x, F- T% S% `1 k% o& _
& s) [, F, x) @ISBN 0-471-22451-0
' n( E+ I _& ]1 z. |
% _ O/ k; l* Y" i' C" d2 ?This title is also available in print as ISBN 0-471-38929-3.
, I# U5 z; i$ ~2 D1 `For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.Wiley.com. 4 t/ [: n2 f- }1 y$ C- r
8 d5 v$ P5 z Q% F6 }
$ i& k* D# A# i4 ~- D8 ZPREFACE
$ e( {: T, I6 G
5 s. g, |' U- t( N0 ZThe purpose of this textbook is twofold. One is to familiarize senior undergraduate' T" d5 S' [. K* s
and entry-level graduate students in polymer science and chemistry programs with; j3 `8 h( s% {( m
various concepts, theories, models, and experimental techniques for polymer solu-: u4 Q- f' e) I0 k! o
tions. The other is to serve as a reference material for academic and industrial
8 o4 L3 A9 L9 n* D8 L7 zresearchers working in the area of polymer solutions as well as those in charge of
" Q/ D# L3 i4 uchromatographic characterization of polymers. Recent progress in instrumentation of
% A$ m' G8 ^" n3 W, [' \" Osize exclusion chromatography has paved the way for comprehensive one-stop char-
4 [5 z2 ?3 S# X( c9 Y0 N H5 B% l7 `acterization of polymer without the need for time-consuming fractionation. Size-" R+ f) G; q) t+ A) M& H G: x
exclusion columns and on-line light scattering detectors are the key components in
$ A K( M0 e# H$ Z% qthe instrumentation. The principles of size exclusion by small pores will be explained," A( ^% ~7 D- k2 R
as will be principles of light-scattering measurement, both static and dynamic.6 c/ J( d$ W$ \
+ M- C( @% t4 ^1 Q+ ] k4 ZThis textbook emphasizes fundamental concepts and was not rewritten as a re-! L3 ^# _4 C% L/ P1 d0 J
search monograph. The author has avoided still-controversial topics such as poly-
1 O- m7 t' A9 U& _% o* \electrolytes. Each section contains many problems with solutions, some offered to5 T- ?5 J1 Y1 X, k" m
add topics not discussed in the main text but useful in real polymer solution systems.+ P# ^. O6 U3 f" P. K$ C# T
The author is deeply indebted to pioneering works described in the famed text-
7 g# y" V6 x: u$ |6 x# y" D7 ~& kbooks of de Gennes and Doi/Edwards as well as the graduate courses the author( L9 q. u. h& S1 P: O* a. z
took at the University of Tokyo. The author also would like to thank his advisors
/ C3 `0 a- h+ d7 ?# _; Yand colleagues he has met since coming to the U.S. for their guidance.! R3 v" P6 j3 j9 {/ t" B
This book uses three symbols to denote equality between two quantities A and B.
; t1 @9 ]) ?) n) U/ i/ l1 q" e! s) e4 h% V' Z8 Z. J, [! E
1) ‘A B’ means A and B are exactly equal.0 w0 V3 {& R7 H- H
" k! U/ }9 X3 f) B+ {4 M$ ~' l9 P
2) ‘A B’ means A is nearly equal to B. It is either that the numerical coefficient
5 v& y6 K2 F$ |; d7 B$ z- B. i9 Mis approximated or that A and B are equal except for the numerical coefficient.
% a! r& H2 f e' i7 C5 p2 [
9 S. G( L8 B* @8 r4 W. a8 f; w3) ‘A B’ and ‘A B’ mean A is proportional to B. The dimension (unit) may
" a8 o4 k. e6 j
: T7 Z$ z/ c& r0 n9 ~3 K* Q( Ibe different between A and B.
R2 P7 b) w8 j+ XAppendices for some mathematics formulas have been included at the end of the
( z8 U4 d. }$ |( z7 u4 D' mbook. The middle two chapters have their own appendices. Equations in the book-
* ]% J6 N* C _" Aend appendices are cited as Eq. Ax.y; equations in the chapter-end appendices are
: j& N( n/ i5 S2 ]( Qcited as Eq. x.A.y; all the other equations are cited as Eq. x.y. Important equations" Q, ]9 L; ^' t5 S2 Q H
have been boxed. |
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