ASME B31.3 Process piping -2006:# T0 j' [: \4 C! P" n
345.9 Alternative Leak Test ; P: O/ U& ^/ Z, I, B% b: SThe following procedures and leak test method may / |2 l9 l7 [4 H& _# S! A% }be used only under the conditions stated in para. 9 ]5 B# j: g4 ], y ]$ w4 c6 f345.1(c).8 ]2 d D1 w; S) j- n8 l
345.9.1 Examination of Welds. Welds, including. u1 z( a; F, d$ J9 y9 M# ]2 x3 u
those used in the manufacture of welded pipe and fittings, ' ~6 U$ U3 a \/ k( r" |which have not been subjected to hydrostatic or' o# f1 [. Z2 Z R% G
pneumatic leak tests in accordance with this Code, shall- T" p9 ~ }2 K5 h& Y" u( q
be examined as follows:" J/ ]: `1 _8 d& c# q- A
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(a) Circumferential, longitudinal, and spiral groove3 q: l) Z0 i( u. a8 |5 S' K
welds shall be 100% radiographed in accordance with 9 p2 [ X& m: k# h7 b- Wpara. 344.5 or 100% ultrasonically examined in accordance5 i- G' U5 f& W$ U* Z8 {+ Y6 h
with para. 344.6. - c2 Y) B% d- d) h, ]* P(b) All welds, including structural attachment welds, # j7 W- v2 }- }4 M3 Xnot covered in (a) above, shall be examined using the; o) E; ]( S, d2 z% T5 d
liquid penetrant method (para. 344.4) or, for magnetic 9 B+ @2 Y5 Z1 a$ Lmaterials, the magnetic particle method (para. 344.3).
每种探伤方法都有它的局限性,这里我说的是"所有",没有说检查不出来缺陷,探伤对缺陷的检出,有很多的影响因素,在所有的NDT书上你都可以找到这样的依据,楼上的说明你对探伤不怎么懂,我是有几个探伤证的,从事这样的工作也有20年了.做过100%RT再做压力试验还是发现有泄露的,不同的探伤方法,对缺陷的性质,大小,方向敏感程度是不一样的. - {4 h: \( P/ z Z+ z" w. n 国家标准,行业标准,ASME,和其他所有的标准体系,对NDE替代压力试验这样的做法是有条件的.可以看标准条文:大概是这样的意思:对一些不可以做压力试验的,经过建设方(业主)同意可以用NDT的方法替代压力试验,其实也就是质量管理上的相当于"让步"处理. 6 k( g4 O: E1 D7 B6 R E/ G 还有压力试验是强度试验,NDT是检验焊接接头里的焊接缺陷.NDT检验合格了可靠性提高了.