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4、圆弧命令(Arc)AutoCAD的VBA中添加圆弧的方法也很单一:需要指定圆心,半径,起始角,终止角四个参数. A、指定四个基本参数画弧方法: RetVal = Object.AddArc(Center, Radius, StartAngle, EndAngle) Object:可以是模型空间、布局空间、块等对象, Center:圆弧中心点坐标,3个元素组成的数组(double类型),其中Z坐标默认0可省略, Radius:圆弧的半径,double类型, StartAngle、EndAngle:double类型,用于输入定义圆弧的起始角和终止角(以弧度表示)大小。 起始角度和终止角度的确认:以圆心所在水平轴为X轴,圆心位置为坐标原点,以X轴正半轴为角度的起始边,逆时针旋转对应度数就是指定的起始角或终止角。所以AutoCAD中圆弧均是逆时针绘制。 弧的优劣:当起始角小于终止角时,角度差大于180°就是优弧,小于180°就是劣弧!当起始角大于终止角(可以为负角)时,圆弧依然是从起始角位置逆时针绘制到终止角位置! RetVal:结果是新绘制的圆弧对象。 - Sub 圆弧()
3 U; V+ X2 q+ j# Q' t% B; o6 @, I - Dim arc As AcadArc '定义圆弧对象, |2 d2 p% |4 a! v$ V9 k
- Dim pot(1 To 3) As Double '定义圆弧中心坐标点数组
% y1 {$ r+ v0 G' m - Dim R As Double '定义半径
+ t0 h N- q6 L" R+ U4 ~ - Dim stq As Double, edq As Double '定义起始角度,终止角度
" R$ f4 y& R9 [ [& f2 e - Dim str As Double, edr As Double '定义起始弧度,终止弧度' t* l, Y" [% \* F) V' {
- Const pi = 3.14159265358979 '定义π常量,只能保留15位有效数字9 M7 ^! i1 A9 V2 X
- Dim n%
! I* f7 |9 u' T* u# { - pot(1) = 0: pot(2) = 0: pot(3) = 0
& z# Z/ s* @2 f3 h5 ` - For n = 1 To 10. V, ^* f; {+ w8 C3 I) g2 K+ w) R
- R = 39.5629 + (n - 1) * 10
2 W+ E8 D/ Y/ b, Z6 Y; j3 k7 [ Q1 D - stq = 0 + (n - 1) * 108 N+ A' O* m' T- J3 I& K# `! e* v
- edq = 60 + (n - 1) * 10" X( k& T$ c. q5 u/ e+ y+ c l
- Rem 如下度数转换为弧度值) g( B' V) \' X7 f; M% _0 R. u2 H
- str = stq * pi / 180
. V+ R* C! u" s; }/ n D8 ^ - edr = edq * pi / 180% M2 h A' S1 p- i! w6 x7 D
- Rem 接下来画圆弧! `. P5 e ?5 L
- Set arc = ThisDrawing.ModelSpace.AddArc(pot, R, str, edr) '画的是逆时针圆弧; k# w1 {, p/ f: ?2 q7 ~# |
- Update
# }& c! s( b" B r - Set arc = ThisDrawing.ModelSpace.AddArc(pot, R, edr, str) '画的还是逆时针圆弧
6 Z% u; F- `! s8 V - Update
# w3 P; V) Y. W+ \/ a( X' O7 y - Next
) {& r5 V3 F5 m6 B G ]7 D - For n = 1 To 10
% O- P- i, L; w9 ?8 O. y' g - pot(1) = 200: pot(2) = 2006 e9 T, s0 j1 \2 r0 T, w
- R = 100 + (n - 1) * 10
|4 h) M, \9 X. V( L - str = (0 + (n - 1) * 10) * pi / 1803 w' U6 F/ R0 n+ c4 J) ]% c. a; \3 C
- edr = (-60 - (n - 1) * 10) * pi / 1801 `2 G& i8 f0 N2 ]3 a' h% R
- ThisDrawing.ModelSpace.AddArc pot, R, str, edr '画的还是逆时针圆弧( @& m6 p7 ^- c, ~- z% @
- Update
" y4 I1 g9 C& V" e# W- U& e - Next+ \# |$ }2 ]1 C- h$ ^
- End Sub
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B、根据三点画弧首先需要根据三点坐标换算出圆心坐标,半径大小,起始角度,终止角度.然后使用A方法画圆弧即可. - Sub 三点画弧()) e& A% U7 `6 c; ~
- Dim ARC As AcadArc
1 `0 ?4 k+ I" y, b - Dim pt1(2) As Double, pt2(2) As Double, pt3(2) As Double
8 S* k" j# Q0 ~1 L+ ]" R - Dim A1#, B1#, C1#, A2#, B2#, C2# '定义中间变量为double类型,用于简化计算" R) @* q7 w) ^/ }" \/ H
- Dim pt0(2) As Double, r# '定义圆心坐标(X,Y)和半径r1 z1 d. \% X4 }. w
- Dim fst As Double, enr As Double '定义起始角和终止角
6 [: y/ H; D3 v' g9 d - Const pi As Double = 3.14159265358979 '定义π常量- u9 @* M# C/ s) v9 H
- pt1(0) = 120: pt1(1) = 105 '第一点坐标(X1,Y1),作为圆弧的起始角点2 p% M) {) ?# J
- pt2(0) = 59: pt2(1) = 67 '第二点坐标(X2,Y2),作为圆弧的终止角点0 X$ O8 Y( x. G4 K; D% g: c
- pt3(0) = 89: pt3(1) = 91 '第三点坐标(X3,Y3)
! |; @/ l' D7 _: S0 S( Y9 J - A1 = 2 * (pt2(0) - pt1(0)) 'A1=2*(X2-X1)6 i& z6 H. W! |1 y
- B1 = 2 * (pt2(1) - pt1(1)) 'B1=2*(Y2-Y1)
, f6 A1 M- m% O( ]; ? - C1 = pt2(0) ^ 2 - pt1(0) ^ 2 + pt2(1) ^ 2 - pt1(1) ^ 2 'C1=X2^2-X1^2+Y2^2-Y1^2
- V, i& a8 d9 B9 K+ Z' | - A2 = 2 * (pt3(0) - pt1(0)) 'A2=2*(X3-X1)
9 f, I# [; J! t( t+ _' y' u - B2 = 2 * (pt3(1) - pt1(1)) 'B2=2*(Y3-Y1)) c G: X6 R3 ?* t2 c; i
- C2 = pt3(0) ^ 2 - pt1(0) ^ 2 + pt3(1) ^ 2 - pt1(1) ^ 2 'C2=X3^2-X1^2+Y3^2-Y1^2
7 h- o% [1 m0 } - pt0(0) = (B1 * C2 - B2 * C1) / (A2 * B1 - A1 * B2) 'X=(B1*C2-B2*C1)/(A2*B1-A1*B2)
& c' m4 g9 Y2 E/ A - pt0(1) = (A2 * C1 - A1 * C2) / (A2 * B1 - A1 * B2) 'Y=(A2*C1-A1*C2)/(A2*B1-A1*B2)
. }3 r1 E4 a2 Z- W4 W! M - r = ((pt0(0) - pt1(0)) ^ 2 + (pt0(1) - pt1(1)) ^ 2) ^ 0.5 'r=((X-X1)^2+(Y-Y1)^2)^0.5
& i% q0 J$ B* z1 g% n - fst = pi + Atn((pt1(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt1(0) - pt0(0))) 'VBA中只有反正切函数,没有反正弦和反余弦函数
$ x3 q" [# R9 T5 T5 T - enr = pi + Atn((pt2(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt2(0) - pt0(0))) 'Atn((Y3-Y0)/(X3-X0))结果就是终止角的弧度值; ^0 f+ D' z2 l$ ^
- Rem 因为圆心在指定的三点的右下方,所以起始角和终止角均为负值,实际画圆弧的起始角和终止角均要加180°
7 m7 T& Y( e% V$ S1 R) N - With ThisDrawing.ModelSpace+ O2 D) M) Z" V8 u) B: j2 Z, {! T/ K& R
- .AddArc pt0, r, fst, enr '添加圆弧
3 i& M/ Y+ s9 i/ ?) v% j% k; I - .AddLine pt1, pt2 '画直线为了查看点在哪里
# y4 P. X. \2 g8 h( S, B - .AddLine pt2, pt36 R E/ Z; r" p6 G9 J) Y
- End With' m# ^; c( ^6 z
- End Sub
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2 V( \- a! u) x9 A3 p2 G% _4 s. f关于起始角和终止角的判定:首先VBA中只有反正切函数,没有反正弦、反余弦函数,所以只能借助反正切函数求角度,自然就会出现90°/270°不能根据反正切求出的破绽。 所以需要事先判断起始角和终止角是否为90°/270°,方法是圆心横坐标和起点或终点的横坐标是否相同,圆心纵坐标与起点或终点纵坐标谁大?前者相同时,圆心纵坐标小则为90°,圆心纵坐标大则为270°;不同就不是90°/270°。 另外就是根据反正切求出的角度有时需要加π,根据几何图形可知:起点坐标相对于圆心坐标在第一象限或者第四象限时直接使用反正切的结果;相对在第二象限或第三象限时使用π+反正切。 直接判断横坐标:起点或终点横坐标大于圆心横坐标,则在第一或第四象限;起点或终点横坐标小于圆心横坐标,则在第二或第三象限。 所以修改后的代码如下: - Sub 三点画弧()- `% Y1 g. a$ C4 ]9 m
- Dim ARC As AcadArc2 a$ k& p K$ ^3 a
- Dim pt1(2) As Double, pt2(2) As Double, pt3(2) As Double/ t, m7 p5 L/ K& S% {. d
- Dim A1#, B1#, C1#, A2#, B2#, C2# '定义中间变量为double类型,用于简化计算- Y$ A! @ o4 u3 H8 B% ?
- Dim pt0(2) As Double, R# '定义圆心坐标(X,Y)和半径r
$ Y1 T$ u. M0 J( P8 ~% j - Dim fst As Double, enr As Double '定义起始角和终止角4 ^% l: C- n* A `# c% }0 {1 t
- Const pi As Double = 3.14159265358979 '定义π常量- c( H8 S7 S. @7 X; Y; q# c0 d( `
- pt1(0) = 120: pt1(1) = 105 '第一点坐标(X1,Y1),作为圆弧的起始角点* ^8 Y2 _3 [0 o: Y! R# |* Y
- pt2(0) = 59: pt2(1) = 67 '第二点坐标(X2,Y2),作为圆弧的终止角点
S. b; R, x1 y' Y6 \$ |( L - pt3(0) = 89: pt3(1) = 91 '第三点坐标(X3,Y3)# f- E- Z7 x1 b1 L. B4 ? G
- A1 = 2 * (pt2(0) - pt1(0)) 'A1=2*(X2-X1)9 K8 c3 q( K$ Z
- B1 = 2 * (pt2(1) - pt1(1)) 'B1=2*(Y2-Y1); B: S/ i1 e) s+ x' q
- C1 = pt2(0) ^ 2 - pt1(0) ^ 2 + pt2(1) ^ 2 - pt1(1) ^ 2 'C1=X2^2-X1^2+Y2^2-Y1^29 j8 G# i7 ], o: F1 Q$ Y/ `
- A2 = 2 * (pt3(0) - pt1(0)) 'A2=2*(X3-X1)* I" Y8 _9 H% A! g
- B2 = 2 * (pt3(1) - pt1(1)) 'B2=2*(Y3-Y1)/ s9 |1 l9 P6 \$ t) B7 o
- C2 = pt3(0) ^ 2 - pt1(0) ^ 2 + pt3(1) ^ 2 - pt1(1) ^ 2 'C2=X3^2-X1^2+Y3^2-Y1^2% O6 C1 c' M% z9 g; |1 ?; p. y2 O' h2 r7 y
- pt0(0) = (B1 * C2 - B2 * C1) / (A2 * B1 - A1 * B2) 'X=(B1*C2-B2*C1)/(A2*B1-A1*B2)% b B, Z; i# g/ V5 t' v S" E% c
- pt0(1) = (A2 * C1 - A1 * C2) / (A2 * B1 - A1 * B2) 'Y=(A2*C1-A1*C2)/(A2*B1-A1*B2)
8 w9 [/ m# |4 n+ p - R = ((pt0(0) - pt1(0)) ^ 2 + (pt0(1) - pt1(1)) ^ 2) ^ 0.5 'r=((X-X1)^2+(Y-Y1)^2)^0.5( w( @+ W, s+ j7 l; E0 x
- If pt1(0) > pt0(0) Then( ~* ]- A" ?! Z8 P
- fst = Atn((pt1(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt1(0) - pt0(0)))
7 T9 Y& t, }2 e - ElseIf pt1(0) < pt0(0) Then
% @; e: W' ^* R. f" Z2 g3 U - fst = pi + Atn((pt1(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt1(0) - pt0(0))) 'VBA中只有反正切函数,没有反正弦和反余弦函数. B1 d3 Z( p9 Z- K
- Else
. e$ A0 |% K( K& ^" i - If pt1(1) > pt0(1) Then
- w- b- U, q+ A, ^; E- d& T. }; B - fst = pi / 2
# z [' b# ]2 `/ l - Else+ a' U% {3 M7 m, H* z6 c
- fst = 3 * pi / 2
% x9 Q" A: b7 [, j& _/ J' d - End If
1 ?# E& D! g( j; O# ? - End If: K1 {5 ]' @' v H* Z' L5 [' V
- If pt2(0) > pt0(0) Then3 `7 _. R( S5 {( i! G
- enr = Atn((pt2(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt2(0) - pt0(0)))& w a2 B- M4 c6 { {" W) N
- ElseIf pt2(0) < pt0(0) Then
* h6 f. W# Q9 Z/ U* V - enr = pi + Atn((pt2(1) - pt0(1)) / (pt2(0) - pt0(0))) 'Atn((Y3-Y0)/(X3-X0))结果就是终止角的弧度值/ y) U' ?! L/ M" }* |
- Else, B, K" Q9 d$ T1 M+ x+ V) d
- If pt2(1) > pt0(1) Then
0 i" M- I* h+ P6 b3 _ - enr = pi / 22 S8 @+ c* x+ N$ X
- Else
) E1 H+ N7 E. d - enr = 3 * pi / 2
# Q1 B2 L; X U H - End If0 p1 F2 `9 w; e7 c# x h C7 M0 G
- End If
" b2 \+ C# P0 m' J+ ? - With ThisDrawing.ModelSpace( I$ Z4 \7 r( \" t2 F! U4 }
- .AddArc pt0, R, fst, enr '添加圆弧
5 ~/ _" o/ J5 r% v4 | d; h - .AddLine pt1, pt2 '画直线为了查看点在哪里
9 c1 _' ?; I1 \1 J2 b - .AddLine pt2, pt32 p5 {* m) f4 p. ^
- End With
, |# _2 ~! @+ B$ J* f - End Sub
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