Solid–Liquid Two Phase Flow《固液两相流体》08英文PDF新书

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书名：Solid–Liquid Two Phase Flow
! Y, @; B+ t0 W& i$ q作者：Sümer M. Peker
0 y: p* K, u; Y发行：Elsevier
Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK
页数：535
ISBN：978-0-444-52237-5
共3个压缩卷，解压后6.09M
9 l7 e5 J0 A& `' F主要内容：
. `6 b6 e* e- {. p0 Q* ]* }3 \Being an ‘underpinning technology’, fluid flow closely reflects and sometimes precedes
- M- t  Q$ C* d+ Hthe developments of the ‘core technologies’ of the time. Only in the second half of 19th
) N) V4 f, {) zcentury that the term ‘two-phase flow’ was pronounced and added as a chapter to fluid
mechanics and unit operations books. At that time, two-phase flow term was used predominantly
to denote gas–liquid flow, which is not coincidental, as the leading technologies
were nuclear and thermal, addressing mainly vapor–liquid systems.
# u4 J- n1 ~3 @  f" s+ C; ]1 y: ~目录
0 C, p; w8 E; W% h9 z' hPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  vii
4 I  W7 K& [2 c  SList of Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  xvii
5 E/ r$ ~9 `, W1 The Particulate Phase: A Voyage from the Molecule to the Granule. . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
6 O' b3 x5 `$ u" }1.1 Molecular Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
) d1 u1 l/ P; Q: l1.1.1 Attractive forces among molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
1.1.2 Repulsive forces among molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
, j3 d; E: J9 F8 r! M8 {1.2 Interactions of Electrical Origin Between Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
' R' D$ _$ g2 z1 c0 d; }. n1.2.1 Attractions between particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
1.2.2 Ionic interactions between charged surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
0 F2 V' z, v, X- `& Y1.2.3 The DLVO theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
1.3 Interaction of Particles due to Non-DLVO Forces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
1.3.1 Forces of entropic origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
1.3.2 Forces of energetic origin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
1.4 Aggregation of Particles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
8 x  |' ~0 Q1 G! `1 L1 [" O6 c- g1.4.1 Kinetics of aggregation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
3 z  e( d$ |; C% J) M$ U! C1.4.2 Structure of aggregates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.4.3 Role of polymers and polyelectrolytes on the coagulation of suspensions. . 32
) L- s9 ^8 Y- c0 g2 N1.5 Aggregation of Ferromagnetic Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
1.5.1 Effect of the direction of the magnetic field on the aggregate structure . . . .  38
* b8 A- @3 u8 n& K- G6 ]0 k1.5.2 Reversibility of aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
1.5.3 Light-induced aggregation of ferrofluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
: Y/ M) g* j$ X2 c1 {3 c# R; [1.6 Formation of Glasses and Gels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
1.6.1 The glassy state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
1.6.2 Formation of gels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
1.7 Self-Assemblies of Surfactants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
1.7.1 Thermodynamics of self-assembly of surfactants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  45
- \- z4 x8 a( i" \  L1.7.2 Self-assemblies in solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  46
* n) \4 f+ `1 n0 t; I4 n1.7.3 Self-assemblies on solid surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4 V6 n3 |8 X6 y- V1 w2 [* A" m1.8 Stabilization of Suspensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
1.8.1 Stabilization by surfactants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
1.8.2 Stabilization by polymers and polyelectrolytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  55
1.8.3 Stabilization by nanoparticles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  58
0 q9 D  a8 x! z% W; k$ w# r  k3 D1.9 Aggregation in Biological Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
' j* `/ C, M) d1.9.1 Aggregation behavior of blood cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
% V3 ~6 a3 t/ v1 l4 {: Y& J1.9.2 Aggregation of microorganisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  65
* N) [4 S* @0 r7 }: t2 Non-Newtonian Behavior of Solid–Liquid Suspensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  71
4 A2 C) _3 z% ?- c0 d/ g4 j2.1 Viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
, `5 [6 _+ L2 x9 P# z2.1.1 Effect of viscoelasticity on flow behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  72
2.1.2 Assessment of viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  75
2.1.3 Dynamic methods in the assessment of viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  76
2 Y2 r% x. A3 Z9 x/ X4 `! T2.2 Rheological Models of Time-Independent Non-Newtonian Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . .  86
2.2.1 Models which describe the rheological behavior with a
9 a+ z! L5 |# |4 S+ Y, }$ ^viscosity function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  87
) F% T) |% m. l5 g; F2 k" E2.2.2 Models for fluids with a yield stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  90
2.2.3 Models for specific end-use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  92
2.2.4 Significance of the terms used in the constitutive equations . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
$ G1 \! N. L+ l" U9 z2.3 Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids through Cylindrical Pipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  95
& `- c: Q7 U, x2.3.1 Laminar flow of non-Newtonian fluids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  97
2.3.2 Turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  121
. U% z- m+ s7 x! y+ U' i+ E2.3.3 Flow through sudden expansions and fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
2.4 Flow through Noncylindrical Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  141
! d- |8 Q6 Z# I: }, Q6 f2 u4 c2.4.1 Flow through annular channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7 m' i) x1 M: L. \' z- M2.4.2 Flow through rectangular channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
! p! g" n: z  k7 P$ L' q6 Z2.4.3 Flow in microchannels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
% c% k( {5 D/ n5 D2.4.4 Flow in open channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
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8 Classification and Separation of Solid–Liquid Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  439
6 Q% B+ h, d1 w( I* ?8.1 Classification and Separation in a Gravitational Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  439
* j0 n; I- i9 p! A$ |( n7 Z8.1.1 Sedimentation as a separation process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
8.1.2 Fluidization as a separation process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
8.1.3 Classification in hydrocyclones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
8.2 Separation in a Magnetic Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  457
8.2.1 Separation of magnetic particle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
8.2.2 Separation of nonmagnetic particles in a magnetic medium . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
8.3 Separations in the Microscale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  459
7 i/ }0 `0 _* C9 |4 y4 n5 i8 u8.3.1 Field flow fractionation techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
8.3.2 Separations in flow through microfluidic bifurcations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  460
8.3.3 Ultrasonic separations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
8.3.4 Separations based on magnetic properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
8.3.5 Separations based on electrical properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Appendix A Mathematical Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  471
Appendix B Population Balances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  493
Appendix C Tables for Use in Plug Flow in an Annulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  503
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  509