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1. Introduction
7 J7 S( N6 r2 N( J1 P6 d: G3 {Wind Energy Resources
2 w; Y" I" }- m) Z" {1. Where does Wind Energy Come From?7 Y# I# w) i7 J. E2 P, M6 d
2. The Coriolis Force
/ G3 t1 J2 E. R5 @: d3. Global Winds
! K0 u& }9 Z0 r6 R# g c0 k# ?4. Geostrophic Wind
; g5 i3 U0 r' H$ M* H& c5. Local Winds: Sea Breezes
, N6 K7 V; a0 U' j* E; ?9 X O6. Local Winds: Mountain Winds4 G# d, O, \; c- s
7. The Energy in the Wind: Air Density and Rotor Area! T: b$ Q% ?: i2 F
8. Wind Turbines Deflect the Wind! y+ F6 r M }/ M. u3 V1 J
9. The Power of the Wind: Cube of Wind Speed, [2 `9 G$ r, q; y" g2 d% B
10. Wind Speed Measurement: Anemometers$ C2 b) y4 H0 F* d7 ~- J
11. Wind Speed Measurement in Practice' B! ~( n& f1 m1 f) J
12. The Wind Rose
5 ]% k* @. H8 g) i5 I' W I13. Wind Rose Plotter Programme (requires Netscape 4, or IE 4)
4 n E2 P/ O+ o" b3 m# r14. Roughness and Wind Shear& [: Z6 K) k8 K$ b& N" r
15. Wind Speed Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or IE 4)' Y( b) K- A8 X6 V8 y0 F
16. Wind Shear and Escarpments. Y: P) \+ ^) o4 [$ ?3 k. q* i
17. The Roughness Rose
3 u! F- j4 I6 h7 A5 j3 @18. Wind Speed Variability
/ J" f/ M! Z3 g: K19. Turbulence
1 Z* c& Y0 }! q2 `! i) j' l20. Wind Obstacles6 K) J8 B3 Y$ M6 C. O
21. Wind Shade
: m; _/ O9 R. G p/ v! o22. Guide to the Wind Shade Calculator
5 Y, |" K; y- R: ]/ K23. Wind Shade Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or IE 4)% n$ y" ?& f9 h6 h4 a3 C/ ~
24. Wake Effect- J' f' T% I* n& h
25. Park Effect% v* q2 H! {+ t; d+ v v
26. Speed Up Effects: Tunnel Effect6 b5 M" S$ r, G! @
27. Speed Up Effects: Hill Effect8 l8 U# T+ r0 N2 a
28. Selecting a Wind Turbine Site
7 n7 e. Z5 ?6 @29. Offshore Wind Conditions
! i, ^: K4 U/ t$ A5 y30. Wind Map of Western Europe4 H' N2 e( Q8 i. ?& J: Y0 _6 I
31. Wind Map of Denmark% n! O" `/ G- k& P1 h
2.( F. V" r6 }$ C4 C
Computing Wind Turbine Energy Output* O6 E$ S! n1 D1 j5 u2 s" i
1. Describing Wind Variations: Weibull Distribution
3 Q( T2 o# a. |. O/ v1 y; T2. Weibull Distribution Plotter Programme (requires Netscape
8 H8 f$ b2 m$ j$ s" c5 q3.
/ ~+ P/ H2 D% s9 M/ A' g, D. H% B3, 4, or IE 4)5 \4 t$ K+ r9 G; a0 a2 D) F/ f8 M
3. The Average Bottle Fallacy
3 J5 ]- Z* E$ l, f; o4. Mean (Average) Power of the Wind/ F: Y+ }, q6 X7 ?2 e/ H
5. Betz' Law1 ?$ e$ w' g0 h6 n
6. Power Density Function4 Q9 a2 u% t' N
7. Power Curve of a Wind Turbine
9 s# H @- S; `) d( {) ^7 ~8. The Power Coefficient& m a7 w0 w6 m2 P
9. Guide to the Wind Turbine Power Calculator/ S( p; E5 f! d
Wind Turbine Power Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or
* H1 Y) O! ^) M$ L. S- U; F8 I$ q+ QIE 4)2 Z5 u% I5 u$ P4 `5 y$ P
10.
$ A5 e) n6 J. B& @: {- d; X11. Annual Energy Output from a Wind Turbine
. D, H& ?6 g/ K0 ]3 AHow Does a Wind Turbine Work?
" g8 w+ D/ r- t1. Wind Turbine Components# c1 }1 y3 ^ h- e5 F3 ]3 ]
2. Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines - Lift9 W' M, w x. V S$ i# e2 O: X
3. Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines - Stall and Drag
/ l7 H7 S5 a; E, m# Z' ^4. Adding Wind Speeds and Directions: k& M9 T& Q- _$ A" u p
5. Rotor Aerodynamics
( H: x; x3 [+ M# J6 r9 J+ H% @6. Rotor Blades
7 z9 N) i8 I9 d1 B9 {8 U7. Power Control of Wind Turbines
1 l* |( [9 ~# g& \! c8. The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism
9 U1 r' H" f1 H( I2 y3 K9. Wind Turbine Towers* q; G+ R% D8 r( C2 d8 Y$ L
10. Wind Turbine Generators0 v. [! E B; \% u0 M
11. Synchronous Generators
: l/ }! H1 e! v% Y. q0 B12. Changing Generator Rotational Speed
+ g, `8 w5 M a13. Asynchronous (Induction) Generators# l+ m' l) S2 n
14. Changing the Number of Generator Poles
. R# I1 O& F9 N) G15. Variable Slip Generators for Wind Turbines5 j l9 o" N1 B6 m* ^- S: G
16. Indirect Grid Connection of Wind Turbines
0 j9 L: J: m5 p `4 V2 q2 B17. Gearboxes for Wind Turbines+ M8 c" n9 G8 X8 E" I" D# h
18. The Electronic Wind Turbine Controller
, Q/ y1 s) s& p19. Controlling Power Quality from Wind Turbines
$ L! ?% P5 H0 Z0 U' G20. Size of Wind Turbines
9 l( g0 R3 b9 Q, e0 K9 A21. Wind Turbine Safety$ K$ q2 |9 H! T9 }$ Z2 O& `
22. Wind Turbine Occupational Safety; l" d, n3 U; u5 J2 m5 h) s
4.8 V B4 l. U v; z: Y
Designing Wind Turbines
! o. M& \+ Y" ]% u1. Basic Load Considerations
" a( W6 f1 ]2 w& B2. Wind Turbines: Horizontal or Vertical Axis Machines?
1 e$ Q& d9 ?% Y1 j, g* C2 q/ |* t5 l3. Wind Turbines: Upwind or Downwind?: s# i. x* A5 W5 s! \
4. Wind Turbines: How Many Blades?
# Z' ?) c# ~- R" N- p) V4 ~5. Optimising Wind Turbines- g9 ]: L6 ]+ \0 ?$ r7 N
6. Designing for Low Mechanical Noise from Wind Turbines) u$ j6 C+ S1 x) Y
7. Designing for Low Aerodynamic Noise from Wind Turbines
: w+ ?' G5 i6 j3 i" {& D5.
3 r2 P1 v$ W0 DManufacturing and Installing Wind Turbines: R& ^" R! J/ u9 e' g& a! F. J: i
Manufacturing Wind Turbine Nacelles (QTVR panorama6 i9 s3 d- G: A2 B
requires QuickTime plugin)# o; p2 j6 |% y3 E
1.
7 X: u& c/ j' W. s2. Testing Wind Turbine Rotor Blades NEW
& X7 a) Y' ?& P4 {& U2 q! m3. Manufacturing Wind Turbine Towers
1 U$ Y; R. W4 p7 W& M( r3 w8 V; ~4. Welding Turbine Towers
6 x5 B: u& r% T# a5. Installing and Assembling Wind Turbine Towers6 X W: ?2 F6 _( X/ C
6.
. z. p% Y% ?6 V# G/ ^& Z. c/ CResearch and Development in Wind Energy
( B! ~& \; m* U( z' X; Y, q1. Research and Development in Wind Energy
' p; E4 f; q" E9 r( C, d+ V- v( M2. Offshore Wind Power Research! ?+ J, ]/ I9 T$ Y | B
3. Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations2 E" Z3 a6 _9 u+ m6 h$ F+ N3 e
4. Offshore Foundations: Traditional Concrete
* ~3 n: w. s( w& m# Q5. Offshore Foundations: Gravitation + Steel9 f- h# o/ ]) o1 {( o8 h
6. Offshore Foundations: Mono Pile: H7 _; s8 F$ {/ k% b9 M
7. Offshore Foundations: Tripod
. [7 A2 Q; X N0 q: r! U" w7.
8 I7 o: Q! r4 M$ U7 K+ r6 Y x' SWind Turbines in the Electrical Grid' U9 ]; s' ?. u9 {& I2 J
1. Wind Energy Variations
k$ I! u1 L' f) m" D# `& `2. Seasonal Variation in Wind Energy) a+ f+ a# @" D. C3 N$ P
3. Wind Turbines and Power Quality Issues5 v6 `4 i: n8 d' O ~* C
4. Grid Connection of Offshore Wind Parks
$ _5 U5 X, t+ Z/ [9 k3 E3 z# W8.6 S/ p* K# g2 i0 [
Wind Energy and the Environment
( [' F: ^& J2 U* F& S0 d$ R1. Wind Turbines in the Landscape
' i8 W: L+ i2 u# f2. Sound from Wind Turbines0 O) k- m) D2 X8 p
3. Measuring and Calculating Sound Levels
% R/ U7 y k! I+ r& h4. Sound Map Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or IE 4)! ?- R" k) f, Y8 d g, l+ x2 n
Wind Turbine Sound Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or
1 O$ w( |7 ^- H6 MIE 4)" C3 H R$ |0 e4 ]7 c% \
5./ ^; w+ e- R/ V( T2 Q8 L& J
6. Energy Payback Period for Wind Turbines5 V* E8 h# i3 L, S( M7 d& Z4 w0 Y
7. Birds and Wind Turbines0 d- Y2 \7 |; X6 o3 g' u
8. Birds and Offshore Wind Turbines
" A1 ~2 M7 s. Z- g( [2 i9. Shadow Casting from Wind Turbines+ d! i0 f" G' t5 W, `: q8 _$ x. \
10. Calculating Shadows from Wind Turbines3 X3 _' t; Z7 C+ r; s" b9 i
11. Refining Shadow Calculations for Wind Turbines
8 z: h0 A R5 D5 I3 l% q# r' ?+ ~12. Shadow Variations from Wind Turbines
) j6 F8 w6 ?) I% a9 @13. Guide to the Wind Turbine Shadow Calculator
% {5 X9 I; F8 W' p0 F, \* A+ PWind Turbine Shadow Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4, or5 |: P8 }: ]; H$ }1 G# a
IE 4)
3 I4 c# @6 f8 [& A+ D% s14.. b, F1 l8 g( k( D9 {0 c
9.! v* `& b( D8 ?& W. S# c
Wind Energy Economics; k2 N: {1 m9 K0 K+ n8 S1 V
1. What does a Wind Turbine Cost?9 d4 E2 j* |3 G% N0 r2 C. z: E% B5 O
2. Installation Costs for Wind Turbines
+ K5 J1 q: v( p1 g. J8 ]0 _3. Operation and Maintenance Costs* h5 `+ s2 w+ x; z/ c+ E% H
4. Income from Wind Turbines: f, F1 a* U% L' @, p* ?
5. Wind Energy and Electrical Tariffs+ R" B( W9 Q v$ \2 Z
6. Basic Economics of Investment
) G4 E5 D2 S5 g% i; D. H4 \8 O7. Wind Energy Economics, Z' G9 ^4 Q) G: T! j- B; Y3 ~
8. Guide to the Wind Energy Economics Calculator
) g/ D+ S7 s$ s& ?( f. VWind Energy Economics Calculator (requires Netscape 3, 4,
- L( g- M3 S, s/ r$ ^or IE 4)" S0 L. }. u3 K7 X. t) D2 I
9.8 f: A @* D6 P! H
10. The Economics of Offshore Wind Energy
; N5 l( }$ L) | V11. Wind Energy and Employment% G3 Q7 z# V/ H( a0 `. N1 N2 J2 D
10.
# ~, F) Y: ~! d* Y8 b0 nModern Wind Turbine History (Pictures)
! A1 T5 k! _7 R1. The Wind Energy Pioneer: Poul la Cour
# j, l- c+ ?, B6 p: x$ [; I: f1 w$ n2. The Wind Energy Pioneers - 1940-1950! ]$ ^% M$ [# _9 Y! D, e
3. The Wind Energy Pioneers - The Gedser Wind Turbine+ s7 k7 W! J9 E; ~' P
4. Wind Turbines From the 1980s
9 ]* c0 m$ H. A1 m5. The California Wind Rush) V& t! H" e- G0 z; B
11.
; S; c9 g3 x O2 E4 V6. Modern Wind Turbines% _7 I3 l6 \. L4 j4 C. `
7. Offshore Wind Turbines
2 h( a" K) `3 Q# R8. Megawatt-Sized Wind Turbines. w- ~! t$ \$ }$ F3 d: n7 ?1 X* g& Z: O
9. Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbines' g! m8 |( [5 ^* v, n' r
Wind Turbine Energy.rar
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发表于 2009-2-17 13:24:09