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发表于 2006-11-30 08:22:49
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来自： 中国
液压专业词汇
3 B( y( B: a7 w) E- Q8 h! _3 G9 ?0 y气液技术 hydropneumatics7 L$ W# t4 S$ ^
运行工况 operating conditions
! G! x: k' n2 |5 h额定工况 rated conditions( D1 i' M, }( p8 {/ c
极限工况 limited conditions
9 Q2 E9 h6 F: w9 `2 L; b U瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions8 Z) Z4 J+ N1 K4 \ }% k. w+ o
稳态工况 steady-state conditions
! q4 j* n' `- y: |% p许用工况 acceptable conditions% M( `2 t6 r8 V. v' G( f# C
连续工况 continuous working conditions) F! _" U$ O0 u& Z) P" H/ H5 e5 M
实际工况 actual conditions
( Z9 }3 x5 {1 N/ i效率 efficiency+ @7 P: [% n% k2 H) s C8 p/ _2 A
旋转方向 direction of rotation
0 V- y O3 t/ V- W; v公称压力 nominal pressure
7 R" W7 t4 G9 c, h. J工作压力 working pressure
' c) K& J. ^' }* S4 ^进口压力 inlet pressure
! F0 r1 q. B0 X3 P; ]7 i出口压力 outlet pressure
; E9 e- ]' l4 o% K1 i压降 pressure drop；differential pressure) D# e! q! [: d/ r
背压 back pressure
9 N" h( }! }4 T+ C9 P启动压力 breakout pressure9 v0 P9 E) d1 B/ e
充油压力 charge pressure- O( H1 Q# d; I5 {- ^
开启压力 cracking pressure# g' t% U+ o# H7 ^6 a. J7 ?
峰值压力 peak pressure
% |" E- s4 ^; k8 U+ w9 |7 O' |( N2 g运行压力 operating pressure
& L U. ?3 {; ?$ z2 M% F7 ?5 C1 ^耐压试验压力 proof pressure8 e) O f z( j% \% Q7 N4 n
冲击压力 surge pressure
( u T7 a2 I* K0 f! ` B6 y静压力 static pressure r5 V) G# d3 P0 ~, ^% q$ j. A
系统压力 system pressure. R3 G0 Y" w, D3 t9 [
控制压力 pilot pressure
. d4 [+ D1 n& F3 W充气压力 pre-charge pressure
# B4 f& R( u. k/ {+ q! _/ k7 S$ b吸入压力 suction pressure2 f+ l/ H7 J: ]* _1 |
调压偏差 override pressure
$ n1 ~* B! o3 X n2 U+ E9 ?/ ?- j Q& C额定压力 rated pressure# {, q+ {, G- X0 H4 j- @
耗气量 air consumption
. A* M" `9 g5 t- J' v; q- y泄漏 leakage
" }( L/ s3 k+ v内泄漏 internal leakage3 p$ G" \, N. E- J3 H2 L3 H
外泄漏 external leakage
" c9 l3 O! u- i+ k6 I' V+ y层流 laminar flow
& f( X# ]& Q" f3 O4 Y- C紊流 turbulent flow
& ]1 {) k% J4 x# F9 j气穴 cavitation
: N4 f% L+ ^1 O6 E9 [流量 flow rate
6 D* M' z3 ^1 C# ^# M排量 displacement
/ r% C: S4 X g: v& u额定流量 rated flow
/ S" C' D, b# D$ C! i6 a供给流量 supply flow7 G) s0 [5 ^3 `9 p; x; I2 D: y
流量系数 flower factor* ?* l0 U( g! F, B6 F0 W
滞环 hysteresis; M( `% o1 i3 D d. x, r+ o, B7 A
图形符号 graphical symbol. A8 M1 V; o$ t7 ~( J" ?/ b
液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components
: O$ l" C _, X6 U6 H流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices5 g- [1 I E- }; ^/ O9 J% X. e
逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions
: p4 D% \( {3 a( C+ y回路图 circuit diagram i4 O9 ]! |( o2 X
压力－时间图 pressure time diagram* m0 d+ W I: c- \" u
功能图 function diagram
1 U9 j, p, m; r( t% B循环 circle3 @( C% w3 [6 }2 U$ k) s1 ?
自动循环 automatic cycle2 C( U+ `# v" A/ i- |9 N6 a
工作循环 working cycle7 V* G0 Z' Y t3 b
循环速度 cycling speed
8 F2 ?( r% o2 a3 E工步 phase+ }$ F* |$ d! M, b3 P( t
停止工步 dwell phase2 T& R {) [. X9 }
工作工步 working phase
; r, {" q* _, i( a, j4 |4 X快进工步 rapid advance phase6 r3 R; @+ e& Z7 _+ Z
快退工步 rapid return phase+ a/ l+ ^; Z9 I7 G
频率响应 frequency response
, ]; x8 t0 X' j L/ p+ H. F: r* q重复性 repeat ability
) c) h; H9 q2 X复现性 reproducibility* Q d' i; {: ?0 X/ X, x5 a
漂移 drift
# t" x0 ~/ m; ] z. t) \. K波动 ripple$ y' j' Z. S ]* W7 o( A9 k
线性度 linearity4 A0 \( Q" f8 y" m
线性区 linear region
1 n; B2 G4 T& z! J液压锁紧 hydraulic lock+ k6 ?: m& j$ W0 `" N" z) l
液压卡紧 sticking
! F! t5 I" L1 D$ h变量泵 variable displacement pump
8 C4 t+ ]7 b1 Q泵的控制 control of pump8 L6 `, y$ U$ O2 h3 Y# a
齿轮泵 gear pump
; r! d) C3 ? P5 n( ?叶片泵 vane pump
2 i6 H& k4 V7 I% W柱塞泵 piston pump
# R0 k" f& s( z. @% {轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump
# g- g: f) T8 H) R3 L法兰安装 flange mounting* i# R7 g5 R' |5 B1 r9 Z$ D. P7 h
底座安装 foot mounting: W/ M5 c% L J5 T, o) R, r1 E. j2 g
液压马达 hydraulic motor
& ~1 ^7 t$ L# T( ^7 B刚度 stiffness, a) r- l+ [4 R( g9 }
中位 neutral position
9 Z0 d2 _3 Y' I6 K6 W8 b5 m零位 zero position9 c; n' T; Z [2 A8 L
自由位 free position
( d& O) L I7 u9 b z% z) V缸 cylinder: x* B! c, s8 I) M
有杆端 rod end, e; @; r7 h7 j; T/ A) r+ e9 X0 q
无杆端 rear end
$ `# N$ H0 `2 |' j, }: } O/ R外伸行程 extend stroke! Y. r& p7 [, L/ ^
内缩行程 retract stroke' Y3 [5 O; `: f0 E: c
缓冲 cushioning
* C0 Q8 n" N/ U. {8 L! d7 c工作行程 working stroke
) x1 U: c4 g1 M3 Q7 t+ L+ d7 K负载压力 induced pressure2 R& g5 O/ ]- n" C* x- o
输出力 force
, K9 z4 V8 h3 T# P4 n5 @实际输出力 actual force9 d. |# `$ p* K, H
单作用缸 single-acting cylinder
p) _1 Z1 a: U8 `8 _双作用缸 double-acting cylinder
- W P( `1 v( i" N8 ^: M; w7 {差动缸 differential cylinder
5 l8 g, y) Y* h. t, F6 W6 y4 o伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder# ]+ Y) H' ^' I: ]* P
阀 valve8 I0 j8 g' C" s- v( s2 {3 U' t' D
底板 sub-plate1 Q% @% S, q, \( a" F% W2 i8 r
油路块 manifold block0 _& A( e2 d8 @( R* y
板式阀 sub-plate valve% K9 B) @. j4 F: a6 l% T+ g
叠加阀 sandwich valve2 o& ]' r* R+ _9 I" v
插装阀 cartridge valve
7 R5 y- `& X1 }7 E" \0 Q滑阀 slide valve
* b) m3 {. R# ^: H' Y锥阀 poppet valve
. g+ `4 Q2 J$ Z阀芯 valve element
% W0 N( v6 y* y6 M0 a阀芯位置 valve element position: d1 C' L9 G( ` d
单向阀 check valve
9 @* r0 n5 M' V液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve# Y4 Q$ D9 ?. f& j; t2 ^# Q! ` {# j$ y
梭阀 shuttle valve
& f q& s* v3 j9 I7 m+ j+ d压力控制阀 pressure relief valve' n1 i. l: i1 m8 W& x
溢流阀 pressure relief valve
! D9 F' _2 v; T3 H9 T5 |& `0 Y顺序阀 sequence valve
, z% b" u, r* A- J& H6 B减压阀 pressure reducing valve0 C6 Y5 p0 @4 T& }* T4 Z' R/ F0 V
平衡阀 counterbalance valve
( E% e% M7 j( x卸荷阀 unloading valve ?" ?$ h* \+ I6 [5 b! Z) a
直动式 directly operated type5 a" w! J' b( A# m$ ^" b$ I
先导式 pilot-operated type
4 D! ^% S5 X1 D机械控制式 mechanically controlled type' m2 u H. z, ]! x/ m, {/ Y: {# S
手动式 manually operated type
$ A4 l/ ]/ M( i/ U液控式 hydraulic controlled type
, {1 c& \4 m# L; `: |4 k流量控制阀 flow control valve3 w s/ \1 x8 n3 n. c* L5 l/ w
固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve: L3 \9 w3 S* D. F* J: C
可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve
8 g1 M0 W% E0 q: h单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve+ A- H% Y# Y+ `, E% C \. `
调速阀 speed regulator valve
# J7 a$ {* a5 H分流阀 flow divider valve. u D+ u2 z: m: f! a
集流阀 flow-combining valve
3 W3 y5 p: f y- E3 |- i截止阀 shut-off valve# b J$ n) o8 w+ W
球阀 global(ball) valve, L9 a% V: }' {0 E! K! ^2 i
针阀 needle valve
2 k: ^* U# \/ H& ~0 P% R* H闸阀 gate valve
( }; _% n' j4 B8 {& s膜片阀 diaphragm valve' H) t2 p* @! p
蝶阀 butterfly valve/ i" }/ e, z! G% w5 ]: @7 O5 ^
噪声等级noise level
3 {' s7 P ^: l+ `9 x" ?2 |放大器 amplifier
~- \5 `* m( n x8 t模拟放大器 analogue amplifier
7 Q- \7 c7 g6 V8 c* y9 X数字放大器 digital amplifier. z* p- k+ n7 I( o
传感器 sensor
' k, p: Y* j" I5 `2 S( g* }4 C阈值 threshold9 A9 Y/ Y4 K2 d$ l/ y, O" @
伺服阀 servo-valve
; x% }2 ^. x; c- w四通阀 four-way valve
/ ?! _; [9 ]4 O% u喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper; i. l3 D6 L! s
液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier. q( [' v' z* i% L: `
颤振 dither
$ v* v5 I- ]& z8 l, A阀极性 valve polarity
$ W1 z3 {, s0 B# m! ]# j3 [! I流量增益 flow gain
& _! _% x0 B* F对称度 symmetry
) m7 i. U1 ^) ^. P2 R) c2 w& N流量极限 flow limit
$ y2 S: _; Y" A2 b( d0 ~: e零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage$ G6 z% T; {* [4 _# a6 f
遮盖 lap; g& p7 X, K- k& x+ T9 O4 v
零遮盖 zero lap
' e @6 d. {/ J; m9 h o' [# |正遮盖 over lap
7 e) M$ _7 p1 g3 o' n- q负遮盖 under lap
7 Y$ M' C" A5 }5 M: U开口 opening: a; Q! F4 n5 R4 h3 w9 t
零偏 null bias, ]! s; y0 K& {8 j" A, ?( ~/ R
零漂 null drift! Q8 X$ t& r; G' \' W: ?( n
阀压降 valve pressure drop
3 W: \$ P5 M7 _3 X( a- C% x分辨率 resolution8 o6 s8 ~, t) y4 ^4 j6 D# l
频率响应 frequency response
1 D% V% f9 C* U! `* j幅值比 amplitude ratio8 _' h. V% H; d* w2 {
相位移 phase lag* f L- E, L, |( ]% p' ~
传递函数 transfer function9 Z1 ^- F1 m! l4 m9 [. c. b% ^
管路 flow line R! r3 h: D5 s# U3 T
硬管 rigid tube1 u% i( V0 @5 w6 b. t% k
软管 flexible hose
& q" K1 h0 p" ^! r( l工作管路 working line
2 u, F) p7 {5 b f% |* m* W回油管路 return line
+ }" `/ F; @0 O- O补液管路 replenishing line9 K+ p }) I/ i: ~' a; p! A
控制管路 pilot line; ?) g' W4 U# M$ K) o7 g
泄油管路 drain line
& S9 ]3 P' H2 t* D/ c$ q( f放气管路 bleed line# b3 _+ j. d) V( m
接头 fitting；connection
3 @' q& {/ X1 D0 G. _焊接式接头 welded fitting3 @6 V$ h5 B; \9 M! z0 s
扩口式接头 flared fitting' z+ ~* H; z9 D4 m7 U# W
快换接头 quick release coupling$ T) ?7 ?, [% ~( M& W; {: [3 b
法兰接头 flange connection
' f1 I: H+ i. T- `, J# g3 k弯头 elbow |" Q0 o- o! Z' x* M9 l7 C
异径接头 reducer fitting% t* Z2 ^9 j( @7 l% u. t& r' T
流道 flow pass8 B. O# p- A/ S1 J
油口 port
& T7 [ R. H4 Q7 ~2 l闭式油箱 sealed reservoir+ J; j' {0 p) u8 _: }& h o4 e4 }, M9 i
油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity6 T- C- v; `0 s7 `
气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator( Y% a1 b: m$ a% W0 h4 ~9 T
空气污染 air contamination
9 ]4 u% [8 ?9 h4 O" j% X固体颗粒污染 solid contamination& q( @$ b7 d, L7 H, m/ x
液体污染 liquid contamination1 i* V' D! K3 i; q% R0 f: B( c% _5 n
空气过滤器 air filter
* ~! W0 Q1 D3 i: S1 B0 `# z油雾气 lubricator
0 ?/ t R9 H" ]5 q热交换器 heat exchanger# I1 `4 P# d0 ~+ N
冷却器 cooler
/ W D/ g D: S/ I% Q加热器 heater: U. ~# g- ^& O, i
温度控制器 thermostat
' Y7 o3 h' n# j: |4 k/ c消声器 silencer
. \3 I& e" c, ?" C2 |1 z& ]) e双筒过滤器 duplex filter
$ `3 s( E5 Z. v2 ]5 k过滤器压降 filter pressure drop; h# E( z6 }: U, y7 |6 a) b. T
有效过滤面积 effective filtration area
* K, I' s% ]/ ~7 J公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating
: m- [ @2 \0 H& i' i压溃压力 collapse pressure
T6 R6 b4 Z% s9 J' q: A! P填料密封 packing seal4 S+ Z: k" d2 [# b( t
机械密封 mechanical seal
2 x( h4 ]) o/ o' \1 i4 u径向密封 radial seal/ I1 b# _% N& N/ O! {
旋转密封 rotary seal
6 ^/ `. f: e3 `2 N$ P* k活塞密封 piston seal. J) ^/ B% A' t* r" u
活塞杆密封 rod seal* X5 }0 f% Q( d/ x% V% ^0 T
防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper7 U* q9 ]+ ?9 r v( J: b) l
组合垫圈 bonded washer
9 E: v6 i3 |' C复合密封件 composite seal6 I; `: C3 [3 v6 \) c' D1 Z
弹性密封件 elastomer seal) Y6 A J2 X* s
丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR
0 ^$ B, m) r2 Z0 ^聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE- u# }5 _% i9 E5 G; U1 G, a0 D) l/ E
优先控制 override control
9 k5 X0 t( {/ V: _压力表 pressure gauge
# S6 q& X; h: X压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer
. O: j/ ^% \8 S( r3 B压差计 differential pressure instrument
5 G) i0 s* l* Y m, \0 X# X Z液位计 liquid level measuring instrument
# B$ @7 {4 x5 l6 X. y9 ]流量计 flow meter
2 H$ u( V1 S+ @7 L( K压力开关 pressure switch |
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