I don't have chinese input software. so have to use english. excuse me
β is the bulk modulus* }# {" i( j) w4 f, Y
there are several ways to find β. 3 k* G# F9 V0 K% M! pbut normally, in hydraulics, we use effective bulk mudulus# ]* I0 J+ C2 w+ P$ z2 ^' K
" E Q1 {9 v, J+ {# cusually, when we face this kind of situation. * z* _3 j2 ?& x6 \* ?it is better treat the system as a whole. ; m1 V& }7 }- A* K& U. nplease see the following figure$ `* \7 {! z6 h) m
$ Z. b/ c- i# A4 q