Rubber Technologists Handbook

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Rubber Technologists Handbook （橡胶技术手册）
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J. White S. De (RAPRA 2001)

From a materials point of view a rubber product is made from rubber and a host of other
additives, including fillers, vulcanising agents and processing aids along with reinforcing
# _8 d0 y  O. t/ f% d( ~: ^materials such as textiles. From a manufacturing point of view, a rubber product is made
$ W4 a- L7 X* Jby following several steps: mixing of additives with the rubber (‘compounding’) when
1 Z' J# @, y7 P, ~. p# Z" R" m: K* q/ lthe rubber is unvulcanised and in the plastic state; shaping the rubber compound and/or
bonding it to a substrate; and finally vulcanising or curing the whole assembly, when
) C0 i: m4 y. f( }+ Wchemical crosslinks are formed between the rubber molecules to give the material its
1 }' s) y1 k/ A* U: M" ^0 G‘elastic’ recovery behaviour. The final properties of a rubber product depend on the type
1 D3 A* Z6 E- T  Xof rubber chosen and the additives used and their concentrations. The properties of the
rubber can be further manipulated by varying the processing steps or manufacturing
3 E$ J* ]  Q6 v9 I* Loperations. The cost of a rubber product depends not only on the price of the raw materials
but also on the efficiency of the processing operations. In the last few decades new materials
3 w7 K  h1 T5 ]% y8 }' b# ~8 qhave emerged and manufacturing has become increasingly automated and more efficient.
This handbook aims to provide a basic foundation in rubber technology and to collate
the most recent developments in the form of chapters, written by experts in their respective
( a4 A+ k. A$ S! kfields. The handbook is intended to serve the needs of those who are already in the
) _4 D0 Y' R7 Z8 b0 Grubber industry and of new entrants who aspire to build a career in rubber and allied
* U; ~  `* o. X5 R5 e3 }/ }6 b: mareas. Materials Science students and researchers, designers and engineers should all
find the handbook very helpful.
Fourteen chapters deal with natural rubber, synthetic rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers,
: J3 H9 `( Q$ v/ pfillers, compounding additives, mixing, engineering design, testing, tyre technology,
1 f  I3 M; T& yautomotive applications, footwear, rubbers in construction, durability of rubber products,
0 i8 ?2 _; W! yand rubber recycling. It is obvious that several important topics could not be
, b+ ~+ V6 z: P! E( C1 `% laccommodated in the current volume and it is intended that a second volume of the
handbook will be published by RAPRA Technology Ltd in the near future to extend the
coverage. We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation from all of the contributors, without
whom this handbook would not have been a reality. We are especially grateful to the
commissioning editor, Ms Frances Powers, for her unique combination of professionalism
1 Y# w$ a2 F) H& I7 i# `+ i) B5 Aand good humour: her prompt and pointed responses to all of our requests for assistance
were invaluable. We wish to commend all of the staff at RAPRA Technology Ltd who
contributed to the excellent production of the handbook, especially Claire Griffiths and
  b1 q9 o$ J& _4 W7 q: O/ L) @; u6 hSandra Hall.