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发表于 2006-11-30 08:22:49
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来自： 中国
液压专业词汇( f. @9 z; c: R2 A; o3 z
气液技术 hydropneumatics
* a: r( e9 F; c* T运行工况 operating conditions
/ z+ W) R K" |2 W2 ?; t9 l8 W额定工况 rated conditions! [, ]6 ]7 V. u9 Z/ c
极限工况 limited conditions
0 O% Z4 O: E( B2 \4 {瞬态工况 instantaneous conditions. B. ~, Y3 j9 ~! a2 J4 D/ a
稳态工况 steady-state conditions* X- a( D1 R2 }8 E) |. I% N9 B e
许用工况 acceptable conditions/ C* o* H9 ~. }" D2 a+ o) q
连续工况 continuous working conditions' J% G! T! @& [ K- n+ N
实际工况 actual conditions5 Z k+ [) J w& x6 O- t* T
效率 efficiency
# _ n9 f) D9 ?2 p- P/ q: z. W1 g旋转方向 direction of rotation
" y) O& j6 s5 s. d' B5 A, @$ P公称压力 nominal pressure
" h( K6 V! O: j( o/ p工作压力 working pressure
9 o; s- }$ M7 e; t+ v进口压力 inlet pressure) J8 e4 g7 M- r9 E
出口压力 outlet pressure. F# A4 v5 Q9 F- e( }8 H
压降 pressure drop；differential pressure
. x1 }# B5 B5 u4 ]- C. L6 K背压 back pressure5 I' _* [0 H( Z/ ~0 @) |
启动压力 breakout pressure
- ~ P) E2 U+ ~3 W6 O2 x充油压力 charge pressure
8 a) `+ c6 K" B开启压力 cracking pressure4 h( O4 o5 t' r; b1 D# S
峰值压力 peak pressure
! r) L$ t, |7 b运行压力 operating pressure9 H" a6 G ?% u) `1 M8 \. ~
耐压试验压力 proof pressure4 x8 j/ R# |1 O" f! i0 r
冲击压力 surge pressure5 }, J9 ^$ e; r
静压力 static pressure, V$ c! G2 }1 a2 q$ W' U* y
系统压力 system pressure
8 l! ?0 g- \( }2 z( b5 k控制压力 pilot pressure7 L2 ~' z/ T" k8 | w9 v6 J
充气压力 pre-charge pressure7 {! e! m# O( z1 z3 N
吸入压力 suction pressure, E& z' _' ~2 s
调压偏差 override pressure
+ _$ s- U+ i$ {* ?( L B6 e; r' Y( E额定压力 rated pressure
% ~) x% H* S' Y$ Q$ F耗气量 air consumption
8 v8 H5 ?# ]) C9 U' x+ q泄漏 leakage; j: P9 z2 t) a1 \ p& J
内泄漏 internal leakage
1 e1 u( d% ?% t4 P- ?* b- q7 r外泄漏 external leakage
! @2 a6 m+ A! r) S3 _ h1 \层流 laminar flow+ G; O' m3 v- l$ W6 v* |9 D
紊流 turbulent flow& }9 W8 ]4 ^+ g0 M/ s
气穴 cavitation
; n+ O7 z7 O, x5 ]* j6 @2 E: X; ^流量 flow rate
* |% h+ ]0 F& K# l# s排量 displacement( w5 W) ^* Y3 c, d7 B5 j
额定流量 rated flow5 d' F8 x/ `- q, P5 u6 {8 d6 n
供给流量 supply flow4 a, I* @8 S% T+ H5 U
流量系数 flower factor; N8 s' T) F% b* f0 |7 b
滞环 hysteresis
; [+ A% \. i+ k, u图形符号 graphical symbol
: V7 k+ | \3 c* \液压气动元件图形符号 symbols for hydraulic and pneumatic components( Z7 P' y6 k! h/ i) B7 e
流体逻辑元件图形符号 symbols for fluid logic devices# B7 r3 o' x+ j7 Z# t
逻辑功能图形符号 symbols for logic functions
0 R0 l' c- S, n- L4 E7 Y7 u回路图 circuit diagram
. P$ e( I$ h. ]: |' P" G8 D压力－时间图 pressure time diagram. B- l8 n( ~( L5 Y/ [
功能图 function diagram: |: J9 e b! P9 m8 R
循环 circle
6 z1 i* i H! a7 T5 @6 z" A自动循环 automatic cycle
3 X( Z/ d t, x5 v9 [工作循环 working cycle8 l7 h& p; G. w4 ^
循环速度 cycling speed
" i q! g% i6 K& F' M- K2 [2 `工步 phase
$ q/ v J7 C! X& R/ D4 C2 \" ^9 |! W停止工步 dwell phase. I7 B0 J. Y7 K2 g. u/ u0 s# U
工作工步 working phase
! [! L7 ?6 K7 j9 M( D快进工步 rapid advance phase( u! P' `% ?& d- ?. @5 _$ o: V
快退工步 rapid return phase
_: i ^/ S% E6 \' X频率响应 frequency response
" O1 l7 Z" m; D/ D% L9 a% i重复性 repeat ability) Q5 X$ R2 y1 J" ~! |* ^6 c
复现性 reproducibility
x9 f, b6 t! R' u [9 J# F0 R漂移 drift# R- |8 q6 W* E
波动 ripple4 f S5 J# D( i+ F2 T
线性度 linearity
4 a3 h: d# Z0 @3 ?& j/ p* H线性区 linear region; v% ]; C1 j4 O
液压锁紧 hydraulic lock
7 m) t/ n2 H ?2 h5 U' W+ A液压卡紧 sticking
& P) ^6 a; j9 _* K) @0 K变量泵 variable displacement pump5 L( R) R" p1 L* m' ?
泵的控制 control of pump( q, ]. t" y3 F+ w
齿轮泵 gear pump" L1 K1 y, x4 J) w
叶片泵 vane pump6 m( K. V. q3 |$ V
柱塞泵 piston pump0 J3 N3 B% u+ f0 {- j4 b' z
轴向柱塞泵 axial piston pump
1 [8 h% p/ i0 p& [6 @5 r2 C法兰安装 flange mounting# u6 U) c4 m# l) H3 S: Q
底座安装 foot mounting
& ~" i5 }! h2 o, @/ R6 p3 t- [液压马达 hydraulic motor: Y5 ]0 E6 y3 F P
刚度 stiffness; R+ T5 Z0 _, O& b' F
中位 neutral position- f% s, B0 j* _
零位 zero position6 ?# O M5 t! O# P y
自由位 free position% T) H: `1 L) ^+ P; E1 g0 P8 p4 F
缸 cylinder- { n ?2 I# K6 E
有杆端 rod end2 \5 v6 E# G- Q6 R' O+ S
无杆端 rear end
D$ r; W1 c, C4 \" V- p% s4 |外伸行程 extend stroke: H0 m, u* d- P
内缩行程 retract stroke
/ n3 Z5 o) V' E4 N/ X% W缓冲 cushioning$ i! N" B, D5 Z2 z
工作行程 working stroke
/ t5 |+ T* {2 T+ ]+ X9 q负载压力 induced pressure0 Q; K. z' n, \5 g
输出力 force: H2 i |: [5 {: w: o" g
实际输出力 actual force
( q1 }3 R8 C% ?9 [4 _7 ~9 W2 G) `单作用缸 single-acting cylinder3 }/ P- }4 G% y3 o$ F
双作用缸 double-acting cylinder
/ y- F) {/ b' U# l. W差动缸 differential cylinder
# g8 l+ ?* }& d1 ? G: r, i伸缩缸 telescopic cylinder' r" M0 I: r" p }& x, D! S
阀 valve) y! r# q/ A0 ?% ^0 o/ q
底板 sub-plate" g3 Y; T3 K/ F2 h2 E- |5 O
油路块 manifold block! Z$ Y8 L2 q/ q( F% t4 H
板式阀 sub-plate valve
) ?/ Q i0 M% n4 J. f: i叠加阀 sandwich valve
3 |. V; I9 ?) T5 N/ h插装阀 cartridge valve9 j) G" z. X, J
滑阀 slide valve+ c- S' g* N8 `/ ~" T2 e8 p3 I
锥阀 poppet valve
5 b. [( Q, [, U: l0 r阀芯 valve element
1 x* J5 @: |( X$ `) m阀芯位置 valve element position; Z* U/ Y) B( }# R; }
单向阀 check valve7 J. W. n+ L2 t' m% \/ g8 o
液控单向阀 pilot-controlled check valve9 C6 y5 C, E2 i1 p0 y
梭阀 shuttle valve
+ `0 K1 O6 w' A5 |压力控制阀 pressure relief valve
! Z4 r9 J) t2 N! R2 o1 g0 U溢流阀 pressure relief valve
z( R! N2 O$ o8 R5 N顺序阀 sequence valve7 b3 P& F& }- s% G9 P
减压阀 pressure reducing valve
s9 b% } g. t6 V, E平衡阀 counterbalance valve
* k. Q. C) \& D# ~7 D卸荷阀 unloading valve) p- ]' U0 }. B) E! b1 i, }
直动式 directly operated type6 X& U; f( @1 D1 W
先导式 pilot-operated type
$ @) ^$ Z3 u- p9 B% F: @8 h; r4 R机械控制式 mechanically controlled type
+ [ S; \' [0 L' N+ @手动式 manually operated type% C5 ~* e2 C/ I8 M- A
液控式 hydraulic controlled type W, _1 {( P$ N8 U b# ]; Y
流量控制阀 flow control valve
}& O% y, u8 o) E/ h固定节流阀 fixed restrictive valve
+ m# ^# Q; S: v% l可调节流阀 adjustable restrictive valve* w: d- r. [& s4 [! m1 n$ e; H
单向节流阀 one-way restrictive valve: l# A- Y* C M7 T9 A M% H
调速阀 speed regulator valve
! a7 o5 E |4 C5 s分流阀 flow divider valve# q$ V% n7 e4 j, D( [2 {
集流阀 flow-combining valve6 z {. Q7 M3 C( p
截止阀 shut-off valve
1 t+ |- c. z$ k2 l- V3 ~4 q球阀 global(ball) valve- c# d4 V# B4 y5 M
针阀 needle valve
, {/ W) ^( y7 `# o( j" p5 j闸阀 gate valve
! P3 o/ R! i8 ^7 m$ n# c膜片阀 diaphragm valve
5 y8 M# n# I A2 E$ E1 D# V蝶阀 butterfly valve
1 O/ R7 q; w, s' w/ Q; ]$ v1 B噪声等级noise level: X, n @: _1 c& d7 ~+ O0 L
放大器 amplifier
! p" G' ~; y* E* T2 t模拟放大器 analogue amplifier
" f7 h9 \' y: C2 S% x. m数字放大器 digital amplifier
& S4 T$ {2 f" E, k4 C传感器 sensor" \+ n6 z" ?6 O3 _3 q
阈值 threshold& }- R- Z* |) d- @
伺服阀 servo-valve- X- a! K& g b2 i8 O* }9 Y
四通阀 four-way valve9 U" @* L& t4 H1 b
喷嘴挡板 nozzle flapper/ V4 M ], [4 _$ d
液压放大器 hydraulic amplifier2 @5 d* P2 q. e+ _: L
颤振 dither
' r. d. _( j; k+ q阀极性 valve polarity
: d3 A: Q8 f1 h) k流量增益 flow gain) }: E5 Z8 o9 n/ h
对称度 symmetry
) G- ~+ q5 P2 w) a流量极限 flow limit0 ~+ ], O4 b; W( x# h
零位内泄漏 null(quiescent) leakage
- A3 q7 t% z- T0 p遮盖 lap
2 ^5 R; }0 l* \1 o6 T, c L零遮盖 zero lap
# S" \) ~$ s/ }1 t# w1 g正遮盖 over lap
" I! T/ V% f2 |: }/ a9 Y' X) o) Z负遮盖 under lap
1 n# A* V! }% _9 k$ y9 j- ^% W% |开口 opening) B& K5 m4 [5 F8 Y+ W" h6 L
零偏 null bias
& A s0 W Z6 H t, r零漂 null drift
; ?8 R/ i: \: Z4 F2 [. l- t3 Z' Q阀压降 valve pressure drop
3 J. C$ h+ g0 ]8 y: ~- `6 i6 ?! N分辨率 resolution" _3 e0 J! M0 V. T" J n$ _7 @
频率响应 frequency response# Q% k4 [2 P& _% ^. x0 D
幅值比 amplitude ratio: ] w# [/ S6 A3 Y/ [
相位移 phase lag: N) Z# Y; K a; H7 _0 \% v
传递函数 transfer function
) S* d0 Z* P* Q& I/ O7 I! \9 U管路 flow line
) x8 @' I$ \. b0 A2 Z硬管 rigid tube
# q \, N% c( c. j8 L4 ]% Q软管 flexible hose
x9 k& ^3 ~6 j' Q( f1 `1 J工作管路 working line
" i) }) H: f# `/ S& U! z0 W回油管路 return line
7 W2 x% I8 A4 v9 T9 c+ w补液管路 replenishing line1 ^/ ^! \% ^8 g- i
控制管路 pilot line0 h5 Q$ s; v6 c( v* v" G
泄油管路 drain line
+ q2 m- L6 @$ f h5 F1 \+ L放气管路 bleed line
3 u( x0 O+ s8 r% x' ^接头 fitting；connection
; p1 i8 v# J% N7 N' `2 O焊接式接头 welded fitting7 P, J/ E8 |& a- u( B: k
扩口式接头 flared fitting
5 B E, O( I. R2 q7 Y& m( S快换接头 quick release coupling7 v s$ O4 v4 u8 b
法兰接头 flange connection. B( g- B8 w$ u# I' X
弯头 elbow! Q4 i4 i( J y, j J
异径接头 reducer fitting( ^5 o( [) l' O- i; [( W
流道 flow pass1 m$ q% L9 E! H' q% Z8 ]: I5 F
油口 port
1 Q( [5 q: t) s9 ]& Z闭式油箱 sealed reservoir4 [) I; v( A% I2 T; I# k. s
油箱容量 reservoir fluid capacity
+ x" D7 W5 O. H% b# ?$ [气囊式蓄能器bladder accumulator5 s& I5 S2 E, b0 g- ^
空气污染 air contamination8 y1 R Y7 E/ ~/ X U: F
固体颗粒污染 solid contamination' y5 \2 F n. u9 F3 `& }) u
液体污染 liquid contamination7 n5 Y; r. b" E" w9 D$ s
空气过滤器 air filter
0 T$ u! m. h3 E4 m1 T, M! l/ s5 d9 u' |/ y油雾气 lubricator- C6 Z! h6 z! |4 ^) D8 _/ `
热交换器 heat exchanger; E$ N$ H4 G! _, n7 e' @2 K
冷却器 cooler" t# q/ L0 d R q( z, Z
加热器 heater! E7 @( J, W! {+ s+ @8 q
温度控制器 thermostat5 `9 M: N! g- @* Y9 ?7 f
消声器 silencer
, E9 ^+ T& a d9 K. l7 x- B- C双筒过滤器 duplex filter
5 t t5 o, X! a- x过滤器压降 filter pressure drop
) Q! B) X5 h; T有效过滤面积 effective filtration area: J( [" A" S2 [, o5 g4 c' @1 q
公称过滤精度 nominal filtration rating# ]5 Q& Z) p- U0 m% S* ~ c1 i6 B
压溃压力 collapse pressure# k9 T, u' F4 p$ F" n8 _4 ]
填料密封 packing seal
0 w2 N2 o$ h# T$ q机械密封 mechanical seal
4 d$ K% o$ e& |; r$ L: i* @0 B+ j0 p o径向密封 radial seal, O, E2 J" b! s$ p R" n, a I0 V' l
旋转密封 rotary seal
2 L* k' h% P9 v, V, M ]活塞密封 piston seal( `3 R; Y2 T, ?7 ?
活塞杆密封 rod seal
; z5 u0 z! P+ s8 o防尘圈密封 wiper seal；scraper
. S, O- A: ?, w3 `) `/ e组合垫圈 bonded washer
* x! U9 P: g) i8 m: B复合密封件 composite seal6 u* j) s: X) |
弹性密封件 elastomer seal
+ Q K8 h9 v/ x) u丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber；NBR
. q8 q7 b/ u9 d6 c聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethene；PTFE
& o7 S& i {2 J+ I优先控制 override control
2 f9 U. A1 L( j& R% K压力表 pressure gauge
! ?: c2 j7 d" ~压力传感器 electrical pressure transducer0 \3 ]% K& T4 s3 p
压差计 differential pressure instrument+ m: }) @8 B/ S! y. I
液位计 liquid level measuring instrument
4 u1 i7 n( w5 N& }流量计 flow meter& L8 |* ]( N* Q
压力开关 pressure switch |
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